Word: buddhisme
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...Then he became a schoolteacher, wrote some plays with Freudian themes, and directed his sonnets at Mya Yi, the school board chairman's daughter, with whom he later eloped. Under the spell of a learned Rangoon editor named U Ba Cho, the young playwright got interested in both Buddhism and his country's fight for independence. The zealotry of his politics and religion astonished his friends...
...invaded by Tibetans, Mongols, Javanese Annamites, Indians, Chinese, Frenchmen and Khmers, but the craggy, mountainous state has survived with its ethnic unity just about intact. More than two-thirds of Its people are Laotians and related Thais. Its language is still its own native Thai. Its religion is still Buddhism. Even the French prefer to channel their rule through Laotian kings, and they have established their own purely administrative capital at Vientiane 130 miles from Luang Prabang. Since 1904 the French have ruled through one venerable monarch, King Sisavang Vong, now old (68) and gouty, but no easy...
...second council, about 100 years later, heard a plea by some monks for relaxation of discipline, which foreshadowed a great split in Buddhism. At the third council, about 244 B.C., it was decided to send out missionaries to other countries; and at the fourth, in the 1st century A.D., the big split crystallized. It divides the Buddhist world to this day between the traditional Hinayana Buddhists, who look upon Buddha as a human teacher, and the more recent and increasingly influential Mahayana Buddhists, who worship him as a divine being...
...Buddha's death the Way he founded will either fade away entirely or experience a renaissance. The present council will disband in May 1956, when the 2,500 years will be up, and U Nu is hoping for the upsurge. Said he recently: "The growing [Marxist] challenge to Buddhism has not effectively been met. . . The Buddhist organization we are going to have will combat these challenges not only in the intellectual field but if need be in the physical field as well...
...Hinayana countries include Ceylon, Burma, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand. Mahayana countries include China, Japan, Korea, Tibet, Mongolia, Nepal. India, where Buddhism began, now contains only a small number of Buddhists. Most Indians are Hindu...