Word: buffaloe
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Cynthia Wiggins was a 17-year-old single mother struggling toward a better life. She was engaged to be married and had dreams of being a doctor. Every weekday she boarded the No. 6 bus in her predominantly black Buffalo, New York, neighborhood for the 50-minute ride to Cheektowaga, a white suburb, where she worked as a cashier at Arthur Treacher's Fish & Chips in the glittering, white-marbled Walden Galleria Mall. Often during the day, charter buses would pull into the Galleria parking lot and disgorge shoppers from as far away as Canada. But the city bus wasn...
...shoe store at the Galleria came forward to say that in his lease negotiations with the mall, a Pyramid official had assured him that "you'll never see an inner-city bus on the mall premises." Henry Louis Taylor, a professor at the State University of New York at Buffalo, calls this "sanitized, guiltless racism." According to Warren Galloway, head of Buffalo's Operation PUSH, "It is a kind of racism that is often played out in battles between cities and suburbs. It doesn't directly say no blacks allowed, but the effect is the same...
...years, Galloway says, the mostly white suburbs around Buffalo have been hostile to minorities. Security guards and police keep blacks under surveillance, he claims, and even have a special lingo for this detail. "Radio calls would say, 'We are stopping a unit," Galloway says, "which is an acronym for 'Unwanted Nigger In Town.'" (Police deny using this term...
...cruelest injustice, however, involves public transportation--because jobs in Erie County, as elsewhere around the country, have been migrating to the suburbs, where they often become inaccessible to inner-city blacks. Several new industrial parks north of Buffalo, for example, have roads that are too narrow and have no turnaround room for the cumbersome buses that ply big city routes. Kenneth Cowdery, who runs a job-training center in Buffalo, says he saw more than 100 jobs go unfilled last year because his mostly black clients couldn't find a way to get to work...
...Buffalo is hardly unique in this respect. In suburbs across the U.S., "there is a tendency to want to form separate localities so you can regulate who lives there and who shops there," says Margaret Weir, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution. "Communities can't do it by racial restrictions because that's illegal. But they can do it through other rules and regulations." Says Henry Cisneros, Secretary of Housing and Urban Development: "Success and prestige today means not having to look at people who are poor. That's what that bus stop at the mall said...