Word: buildings
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...nightmare of America's military experts, as they survey the 1,054 Minuteman and Titan missiles hidden beneath the Western plains, is that increased Soviet missile accuracy will soon make them all vulnerable to a surprise attack. Their answer: build a new missile that is both powerful and movable, so that the Soviets can never zero...
...play it safe and look out for No. 1." To a growing minority of officials with an appetite for the good life, that means not only pressing foreigners for favors, but also siphoning off material goods for their own use, and sometimes even appropriating manpower to build private homes...
South Africa, loaded with coal but shy on oil and boycotted by most of OPEC, leads the world in coal-to-oil technology. Converting coal since the 1950s, South Africa now produces 10% of its oil and gas from coal. The Pretoria government has commissioned Fluor Corp. to build two new plants for $6.7 billion that will produce more than 80,000 bbl. of oil per day by 1983. The process requires 1 ton of coal for 1 bbl. of oil. South Africa keeps cost figures secret, but outside estimates of close to $30 per bbl. make conversion only...
...This trait nourishes invention, but faddishness as well. Its least attractive symptom may be Americans' rejection of almost anything old that is not a marketable antique. In no aspect of the nation's life has this been more evident than in the reckless, relentless assault on old buildings and neighborhoods. The "pull-down-and-build-over spirit," as Walt Whitman dubbed it, has been incalculably costly in terms of aesthetics, energy and the sense of continuity that binds communities and generations together...
...main impetus has come from the environmentalist movement. Conservationists recognized that the preservation of man-made environments and the reuse of finite resources should be as much a matter of concern as the natural ecology. Energy shortages and the faltering economy gave the movement immediacy. Old buildings, one critic has noted, are "a kind of stored-up energy," and they are in place, whereas the steel, glass and aluminum devoured by skyscrapers and shopping centers require huge quantities of energy to produce and assemble. (According to one federal study, an existing building can operate for 16 years on the amount...