Word: bulks
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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There is one basic explanation for this. As the libertarian economist Friedrich von Hayek once pointed out, the bulk of information generated in any economy is local in nature. If this local information has to be processed through a centralized hier- archy--whether government ministry or even overly large corporate bureaucracy--it will inevitably be delayed, distorted and manipulated in ways that would not happen in a more decentralized economic-decision-making system. The U.S.S.R. used to have an office called the State Committee on Prices, where a few hundred bureaucrats would sit around setting every price in the Soviet...
...bulk of the teaching, however, happens internally...
...crucial to ask students how helpful and available their masters, senior tutors, tutors and Senior Common Room members were to them, but it is also important to ask us where we spent the bulk of our time, and what role we think the Houses play in student life now, as opposed to 40 years ago, and in comparison to extracurricular activities. Additionally, there are no specific references to randomization on the survey, so a question asking "on a scale of 1-5, to what degree has randomization influenced your House experience?" might be in order...
...want to make certain that heirs have the means to pay the estate tax without taking an IRA distribution. If the estate does not include enough liquid assets to cover the tax bill, consider a life-insurance policy that pays when the second spouse dies. That's when the bulk of your estate gets handed down. Such a policy should be put in the heir's name and funded through annual tax-free gifts...
Elementary, of course, is that married couples should take full advantage of the lifetime exemption--that one-time $675,000 exclusion from estate taxes mentioned above. For non-IRA assets, you may need a credit shelter trust to divide assets. But if the bulk of your estate is IRA savings, simply divide the IRA money into two accounts--one for the full value of the lifetime exemption and the other for what remains. Generally, you should let the smaller IRA pass to heirs at the death of the first spouse, using that spouse's lifetime exemption. When the surviving spouse...