Word: bunkerism
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...French Ministry of Culture wrote with the utmost seriousness about "the exceptional human testimony" delivered in the film. Exhibition, in fact, is a formidable success in France and was shown recently during the New York Film Festival at Lincoln Center. Some 15 blocks south of that great concrete culture bunker, down around the Times Square area. Exhibition would be spotted pretty quickly for what it really is-porn that makes excuses for itself...
...extreme repression, an opening of the political system to all parties except the Communists, and the replacement of the current government with "new men." The "moderates" hope to install politicians like the former Francoist ministers of information Manuel Fraga Iribarne and Pio Cabanillas, who are too liberal for the bunker but are "gut fascists" nevertheless. The "moderates" want to integrate Spain into western Europe, stripping the nation of the political forms which provoke internal rebellion and keep Spain out of the Common Market, but not allowing any social change...
...SENSE, the "moderates" want the same thing as the bunker: both groups seek to insure a stable Spain after Franco by different means. The two factions are caught on opposite sides of a double-bind. The bunker wants to maintain discipline through immediate repression, but risks arousing opposition strong enough to topple the Franco state. The aperture prefers opening the system to certain political groups, while excluding others. In this way, they hope to limit democratic impulses, but may precipitate a powerful shift leftwards once any opposition is legalized. Each faction sees the dangers in the other's plans...
...large landowners and independent peasants. But since 1945 tourism, foreign corporations, and emigrant labor have brought Spain a 7 per cent annual growth rate, the highest in Europe. This Spanish "economic miracle" created a large middle class un-sympathetic to fascist ideology and excluded from the political system. The bunker considers anything to its left as "communist", as did Franco himself, so that middle class forces that are defenders of the status quo elsewhere are part of the left in Spain. The Christian Democrats, for example, are allied with the Socialists and the Communists in the new Common Front...
WHETHER THE BUNKER or the aperture takes command, the army's support will be crucial in bringing the new regime through its first months. Until recently Franco could count on the army to support his most repressive policies. But since Franco's first illness, a reform movement has developed among middle level officers. The generals remain old-style fascists--Franco's companions in arms during the civil war--but these officers, most of them drawn from the middle class, have professional grievances about political favoritism and demand radical democratic measures...