Word: burrhus
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Knowledge in Bits. All of this is organized according to the learning theories of Harvard Behavioral Psychologist Burrhus Frederic Skinner (TIME, March 24, 1961). Skinner taught pigeons to play pingpong by breaking the action into tiny steps, immediately rewarding each correct step with a grain of corn. This led to the idea of giving children knowledge in atomized "bits," and testing each bit immediately by an easy leading question. When the student responds with the right answer, he gets a glow of pleasure-his grain of corn. The technique requires some mechanical device (often a teaching machine) to hide...
Harvard Psychologist Burrhus F. Skinner has taught pigeons to play pingpong, invented teaching machines for people. But for sheer practicality, nothing he has yet devised beats his "Skinner baby box"-a household incubator for human chicks...
Advocating the establishment of a practical utopia, Burrhus F. Skinner, Edgar pierce Professor of Psychology, stated yesterday, "This mid-twentieth century calls for experiments to determine whether people can live together peacefully and if so under what conditions...
Pigeons Playing Pingpong. The new boom in programed learning goes back to 1954 and takes as its father Harvard's eminent Behavioral Psychologist Burrhus Frederic Skinner. By "conditioning" experiments. Skinner had produced such laboratory oddities as pigeons playing pingpong. Pigeons are hardly bright, but Skinner made them smart by one-step-at-a-time teaching, immediately "reinforcing" each correct response with a grain of corn. Soon the pigeons blithely pecked a ball back and forth across a small table...