Word: by-product
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...January meeting in Los Angeles between President Reagan and Japanese Prime Minister Yasuhiro Nakasone. They agreed on the need to open the Japanese market to American-made electronics, pharmaceuticals and medical supplies, along with forest products and telecommunications goods and services. This sector--or industry-wide--approach was a sharp shift from the previous goal of trying to gain entry on a product- by-product basis, a narrowly focused tactic that was getting nowhere. Says one official: "As soon as we knock down one clay pigeon, another pops up. We have got to knock them all down...
Going further, Eisner points out that none of the bombardier's chemicals are unique to the insect. Hydrogen peroxide is often a by-product of metabolism in the cell. Phenols, the chemical group to which hydroquinones belong, are employed by many plants and primitive animals to heal and disinfect wounds. "The beetle didn't invent anything," says Eisner. "It just found novel uses for existing elements...
...humans. The thousands of mustard gassed blind and lung burned soldiers returning from World War I (and those that did not return) sparked an immediate world outcry. The result was the 1925 Geneva Protocol outlawing both biological and chemical weapons. The United States did not sign, perhaps as a by-product of the same isolationism that prompted the Senate not to ratify' entry into the League of Nations, but all other major powers were signatories to the treaty World War II saw no large scale use of these types of weapons except in the horrors of the concentration camps...
Next year what Dr. Fleming knew about the mold's bacteria-baiting byproduct appeared in the British Journal of Experimental Pathology. He had found out that the mold was some kind of Penicillium (from the Latin for pencil-the shape of the magnified mold). He named its by-product penicillin. Having made his great discovery, Dr. Fleming went on to other work. He was engaged in many other experiments-no scientist knows just which of his bottles contains the Nobel Prize...
...Chicago, where the machine was built in the 1930's, it has outlived its creator and taken on an independent identity which Washington must either give in to or destroy. But in Boston, the relatively new set-up is clearly a by-product of Kevin White, and it is less clear what will happen to it once the boss goes. The creaking political structure constructed by White will most likely collapse-at least for the moment-and Boston's government will have to be rebuilt from the group...