Word: bypass
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...rally of Midwestern Republican leaders in Chicago, even Vice President Gerald Ford seemed to be criticizing the President. Addressing the Watergate issue, he declared: "Never again must Americans allow an arrogant, elite guard of political adolescents like CREEP (The Committee for Re-election of the President) to bypass the regular party organization and dictate the terms of a national election...
Russek's remarks touched a raw nerve among the surgeons attending the meeting. Boosters of the bypass operation credit it with saving at least 60,000 lives-most of them in the past five years -and offering new hope to heart-disease victims who might otherwise become cardiac cripples. The operation is now being performed at some 600 U.S. hospitals, and many surgeons believe that it should be used even more frequently...
Unlike numerous cardiologists who scorn surgery, Russek acknowledges the value of the coronary bypass in some cases. But he questions whether the operation is as safe as its advocates claim...
...nonfunctioning graft or suffering major nonfatal postoperative complications. There are risks even at some of the university hospitals offering the operation. Though operating room mortality may be less than 5%, complications such as myocardial infarction (the classic heart attack), brain damage, hemorrhage, kidney failure or closure of the bypass are not uncommon. Despite these risks, Russek noted the tendency of some doctors to perform the operation as a "preemptive procedure" on patients who have not yet experienced angina or who suffer only mild symptoms...
...Russek explains. "Most people would rather submit to an operation that promises to cure them quickly, even at the risk of death, than put up with medical management. Yet even after surgery these patients still need this kind of care." In fact, he suspects, some of the success of bypass surgery results from better medical management after the operation than the patient received before...