Word: bypass
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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Whether one regards bariatric surgery - last-resort weight-loss operations such as gastric bypass and stomach stapling - as an essential treatment for obesity or as a failure of the fat person's will, the fact is, it works. Studies have shown that after surgery, patients often lose 50% or more of their excess weight - and keep it off - and symptoms of obesity-related conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and sleep apnea are improved or eliminated altogether. Now, two new studies in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) show another long-term benefit: a lower risk...
...larger of the two studies - the largest of its kind - led by researchers at the University of Utah School of Medicine, looked specifically at gastric bypass surgery, also known as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, which accounts for 80% of all bariatric surgeries in the U.S. The operation involves creating a small walnut-size pouch at the top of the stomach, which is then stapled off and connected to the small intestine lower down than usual; the result is that patients can eat only an ounce of food at a time, and the food bypasses most of the stomach...
...historic--some say hide-bound--system of labor relations, under which unions are represented on the supervisory boards of companies. Kenneth Rogoff, a Harvard professor and former International Monetary Fund economist, sees Germany's improved fortunes as being largely the result of the private sector finding ways to bypass continuing structural roadblocks in the economy. The recovery "has legs," he says, because there's still room to catch up with U.S. productivity levels. But he warns that the current economic upswing "won't last forever without more transparent institutional reforms...
...Bariatric surgery isn't a cure-all. There are still significant diet and lifestyle changes that need to be enforced. For example, a new study from Stanford University shows that patients who have gastric bypass are more susceptible to the effects of alcohol. Inspired by an episode of Oprah Winfrey in which most individuals who had undergone gastric bypass said they got drunk faster on less alcohol, the researchers decided to test this theory. The study found that for people who had the surgery, drinking 5 ounces of wine would give them an average blood alcohol level of 0.08, while...
...uphill battle, but the evidence at this year's conference shows that gastric bypass surgery is more effective and safer that originally thought, and can significantly improve the quality of life for all ages. It certainly did for Shawn Tarman. "Eating used to be my life," Tarman says. "And surgery helped me get that life back...