Word: bypass
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...America that if they are ever going to do away with the need for foreign capital, they will have to cooperate more fully with one another. No country knows this better than landlocked, mineral-rich, dollar-starved Bolivia. Last spring, Peru and Bolivia started planning a new railroad to bypass Lake Titicaca, where everything traveling between Peru's Pacific ports and La Paz must now be transshipped to and from a lake steamer. When the ceremonies were over, Paz Estenssoro and Odria signed a formal agreement to go ahead with the 115-mile Puno-Guaqui railroad. Said a Peruvian...
...voted against private power and for the Tennessee Valley Authority power system (it was the first major city to enter TVA). Most Memphians have remained passionately loyal to TVA; they were outraged when the Eisenhower Administration, under the Dixon-Yates contract (TIME, June 28, 1954 et seq.) decided to bypass TVA in constructing a $107 million power installation in the Memphis area. In the mind of Memphis, the Dixon-Yates deal became a thing to be avoided at all cost...
...bypass engine is an intermediate type that stands midway between the turbojet and the turboprop. It has two compressors, each driven by its own turbine through its own shaft (see diagram). Some modern turbojets have this arrangement too, but all the air that is compressed passes through the combustion chambers to form the high-speed jet. In the bypass engine, part of the air from the forward compressor flows around the combustion chambers (incidentally cooling trie engine's skin) and mixes with the speeding gas in the tailpipe. It cools the stream and slows it, but adds greatly...
Range & Quiet. Bypass engines are hard to design, and few of them have been built. Probably the leading model is the British Rolls-Royce Conway, which has been ordered for the Vickers 1000 airliner. Critics say that it does not bypass enough air to yield full efficiency, but Rolls-Royce claims that it will give top range and safety to airplanes flying above the practical speeds of turboprops...
Another advantage may prove more important than efficiency. The bypass engine is comparatively quiet, and this is a vital virtue for airlines that fear to fly screaming jets from airports besieged by embattled neighbors. The bypass principle can even silence the afterburner, whose bone-shaking thunder would otherwise keep it from being used to get heavy transports off the ground...