Word: cabinda
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...central interior are secure, reports TIME Nairobi Bureau Chief Lee Griggs, who flew to Luanda last week to cover the political show trial of 13 whites, including two Americans, charged with mercenary activities. But officials in the capital concede that resistance continues in the oil-rich northern enclave in Cabinda and in the populous Central Highlands primarily along the Benguela railroad, which is still closed to copper exports from neighboring Zambia and Zaïre. Griggs' report...
...Cabinda, Cuban troops have spearheaded an air and ground action against local separatists of the Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda (F.L.E.C.) and diehard remnants of the defeated National Front for the Liberation of Angola (F.N.L.A.). They have apparently been successful in quieting the area-especially since Zaïre President Mobutu Sese Seko closed his border with Cabinda after Luanda protested that supplies were being funneled to the rebels. The rebel problem is more persistent in the south, where Cubans are also guarding the Benguela railway. Running clear across central Angola, the railway is difficult...
...northeastern Angola will produce less than half its prewar output of 2 million carats this year. Internal transport is a shambles: dozens of key bridges and roads have been destroyed. Perhaps the most hopeful note for Neto is that production of crude at Gulf Oil's refinery in Cabinda has been resumed; the $500 million annual royalties from the facility now account for 80% of Angola's foreign exchange earnings...
Like Zambia, Zaire has been forced to reappraise its Angolan policy. Landlocked, except for a 23-mile stretch of Atlantic coastline, Zaire shares a 1,600-mile southern border with Angola and is locked in by the M.P.L.A-controlled Cabinda enclave in the north. Although Zaire has not suffered nearly so much economic damage as Zambia, it too has been hit hard by the loss of the Benguela-Lobito outlet for its copper and other exports. Should the F.N.L.A-held city of Santo Antonio do Zaire, at the mouth of the Congo River, fall to the M.P.L.A., the Luanda regime would have...
...poor fighting record of Mobutu's 60,000-man army may also have something to do with his about-face. The 2,000 troops Mobutu committed to helping the F.N.L.A. were pushed back repeatedly. An abortive attempt by Zaire-backed forces to seize oil-rich Cabinda last November was quickly routed by the M.P.L.A. with the aid of Cuban-operated Soviet tanks and rocket fire. At least 100,000 Angolan refugees have recently fled into Zaire, seeking protection from the Zaire-F.N.L.A. force, which, they charged, frequently faked attacks in order to loot their homes...