Word: cabinda
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...bloody, mammoth civil war: Holden Roberto's National Front for the Liberation of Angola (F.N.L.A.), Jonas Savimbi's National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) and FLEC, a Zaire-supported front that seeks independence from Angola for the oil-rich northern enclave of Cabinda. Despite the continuing presence in Angola of at least 13,000 elite Cuban troops, which supplement his own Soviet-supplied army of 20,000, Neto concedes that "the defense of the country's sovereignty and security remains one of the most important preoccupations of the government...
...central interior are secure, reports TIME Nairobi Bureau Chief Lee Griggs, who flew to Luanda last week to cover the political show trial of 13 whites, including two Americans, charged with mercenary activities. But officials in the capital concede that resistance continues in the oil-rich northern enclave in Cabinda and in the populous Central Highlands primarily along the Benguela railroad, which is still closed to copper exports from neighboring Zambia and Zaïre. Griggs' report...
...Cabinda, Cuban troops have spearheaded an air and ground action against local separatists of the Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda (F.L.E.C.) and diehard remnants of the defeated National Front for the Liberation of Angola (F.N.L.A.). They have apparently been successful in quieting the area-especially since Zaïre President Mobutu Sese Seko closed his border with Cabinda after Luanda protested that supplies were being funneled to the rebels. The rebel problem is more persistent in the south, where Cubans are also guarding the Benguela railway. Running clear across central Angola, the railway is difficult...
...northeastern Angola will produce less than half its prewar output of 2 million carats this year. Internal transport is a shambles: dozens of key bridges and roads have been destroyed. Perhaps the most hopeful note for Neto is that production of crude at Gulf Oil's refinery in Cabinda has been resumed; the $500 million annual royalties from the facility now account for 80% of Angola's foreign exchange earnings...
...poor fighting record of Mobutu's 60,000-man army may also have something to do with his about-face. The 2,000 troops Mobutu committed to helping the F.N.L.A. were pushed back repeatedly. An abortive attempt by Zaire-backed forces to seize oil-rich Cabinda last November was quickly routed by the M.P.L.A. with the aid of Cuban-operated Soviet tanks and rocket fire. At least 100,000 Angolan refugees have recently fled into Zaire, seeking protection from the Zaire-F.N.L.A. force, which, they charged, frequently faked attacks in order to loot their homes...