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...which union. The principal alternatives were the more traditional Congress of Faculty Associations (C.F.A.) and the more militant United Professors of California (U.P.C.). When the faculty ballots were counted last week, the unions were virtually tied and headed for a runoff. But in a resounding 80% return, the Cal State faculty voted to become the largest faculty ever to unionize...
...Cal State was fertile ground for organizing. Unlike the prestigious University of California system, an academic powerhouse of nine branches, including Berkeley and U.C.L.A., Cal State evolved as a collection of teacher colleges in such cities as San Jose, Chico and Fresno. Partly because it emphasizes teaching instead of research, Cal State has been treated as a second-class organization. Money and a slight inferiority complex have not been its only problems. At a time when job security is poor and tenure is an impossible dream to many young academics all over the country...
...Cal State faculty are hired on a part-time or year-to-year basis. Cal State has also been shaken by the same troubles as public institutions elsewhere. The state legislature provides starvation rations while the Federal Government has cut back...
Nearly as serious as economic deprivation is the disaffection that afflicts many faculties. Cal State campuses are governed by off-campus bureaucrats who seem to care little for faculty opinions. When Cal State sought a successor for Chancellor Glenn Dumke and formed a search committee, not a single faculty member was named to it. Sacramento State University History Professor Kenneth Owens, 48, even blames far-off administrators for the deterioration in classroom conditions. Says he: "The system has been so altered from anything resembling a collegial atmosphere that trade unions are the best way left to gain some influence over...
...Cal State vote mirrored divisions that already exist within the faculty. The C.F.A., linked to a nationwide teachers' union, the National Education Association, was supported by senior professors concerned with matters of scholarship and academic freedom. The U.P.C., an affiliate of Albert Shanker's hard-nosed American Federation of Teachers, counted much of its support among the part-time and nontenured. Such academic havenots, whose ranks have multiplied with the growth of community colleges, have been the backbone of the faculty labor movement, a relatively recent phenomenon. In 1970, just before budgets tightened, tenure openings disappeared and salaries...