Word: calcuttas
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...treasured Moslem relic kindled anti-Hindu feelings (TIME, Jan. 10). As rumors spread, Moslem mobs in East Pakistan sacked Hindu shops and homes, left 29 dead before the army restored order. Panic-stricken, hundreds of Hindu families poured across the East Pakistan border into West Bengal, then headed for Calcutta, 35 miles away...
Spreading Infection. Calcutta's explosive social conditions had already brought relations between the city's Hindu majority and its 1,000,000 Moslems to the boiling point. Tens of thousands sleep on the streets or in abandoned sewer pipes and gutters are clogged with garbage, cow dung and human excrement; the water is polluted, epidemics frequent, poverty rampant, and unemployment endemic. In this morass of 6,500,000 people, the Hindu refugees' Moslem-atrocity stories spread like an infection. Inevitably, Calcutta's Hindus retaliated...
...handcarts for public view. In one outlying district, four police constables stood off hundreds of looters until their ammunition ran out. One constable escaped; the rest were killed on the spot. Moslem pedestrians were grabbed in the streets and beaten to death, and knifings were so numerous that Calcutta police simply released the total of stabbing deaths each day without giving details...
Quiet & Subdued. The blow fell in the ancient Hindu temple town of Bhubaneswar, 220 miles southwest of Calcutta, where 10,000 delegates, officials, newsmen and hangers-on were gathered for the Congress Party's 68th annual convention. Bhubaneswar had worn a festive air. Green, white and saffron party flags fluttered from hundreds of flagpoles, and pictures of Nehru and Mahatma Gandhi adorned shop windows. On his arrival, Nehru was so weak that aides had to lift him from a helicopter, and when he finally was able to walk, he shuffled away with back bent and head bowed...
Ringed City. Unlike Calcutta, where long British ownership of the jute mills left a distinctly British tone to the city, Bombay has its own cosmopolitan, fiercely independent stamp. From the beginning, the flourishing textile industry was owned and operated by the Indians themselves. Bombay industrialists were treated by the British as potential customers for machinery rather than as colonial underlings. Textiles spurred the city's growth, but Bombay has confidently gone on to such new industries as oil refineries, fertilizers, synthetic fibers, and assembly plants for Italian autos and motor scooters. The city is ringed by plants making everything...