Word: campesinos
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Over and over, Zapata is shown as a citizen not of the world or even of Mexico, but of the little state of Morelos and, more particularly, the village of Anenecuilco. He had land there, he was a campesino. (Not a peasant, Womack insists, but a countryman--the revolutionaries of Morelos were independent farmers, no matter how pitifully small the plots they framed.) Because Zapata's forefathers had been leaders s in the village, and because he himself was known to be honest and loyal to them, in 1909 the villagers elected him president of Anenecuilco. It was a year...
Barrientos, scarcely beginning to grey at 49, did it with a will and a way that conquered Bolivia's vast complexity of mountain and jungle and reached the isolated campesino, the peasant, who accounts for 72% of the nation's population of 3,800,000. Barrientos sleeps only four hours a night, starts work at 7 a.m. and is incapable of being chairborne for very long. The way to go any place, as far as the President is concerned, is by air; he was trained to fly by the U.S. Air Force, and he reaches for the controls...
...open-air settings for dramatizing their message to children, students, workers and activists. Naturally, the values of the Broadway stage are anathema to them. "You cannot respond to junk like Tennessee Williams or Arthur Miller," insists Luis Valdez, an alumnus of the Mime Troupe and founder of El Teatro Campesino. "Art is communication. The more artful you are, the more straight-telling you are." This is roughly the esthetic theory of the poster or the comic strip, and guerrilla theater is hardly more subtle; radical drama willingly sacrifices art for impact, nuance for message, plot for propaganda...
Making Noise. Where the Bread and Puppet Theater leaves off, El Teatro Campesino (the Farm Workers' Theater) begins. It does not simply point out evil but demands immediate action to eradicate it. An example of contemporary folk art, the Teatro has traveled the dusty roads of California's San Joachin Valley for three years, giving artistic moral support to the strike of César Chávez's Mexican-American grape pickers. The players encourage a revivalist atmosphere of hand clapping and shouting. "We like to make noise," says Director Valdez, who studied drama...
Isle of Youth. Concern for agriculture has benefited the historically deprived campesino, who now enjoys free education and health care. He may soon lose his freedom, however. The government is building a huge banana plantation on the south coast, which will be a step toward its massive effort at colonizing and communizing farms. Helping the effort are Young Communist Work Camps, where boys go for two years to combine party indoctrination with agriculture and schooling...