Word: canal
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...prospered despite its isolation inside Communist territory. The economic cost of accomplishing that feat is now getting higher and higher. Surrounded by bitterly hostile East Germany, the city (pop. 2,200,000) must bring in most of its food, fuel and raw materials through its air, rail, autobahn and canal lifelines with West Germany, 110 miles away. And to keep their $10 billion-a-year economy afloat under such circumstances, West Berliners have been forced to rely increasingly on powerful infusions of capital and outright subsidies from the West German government...
...eventually established himself as a man of moderately liberal views, responsive to the needs of an urban America. In 41 years on the bench, most recently as a member of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (covering most of the Deep South and the Panama Canal Zone), he consistently fought segregation...
Even before last year's Arab-Israeli war, the Suez Canal was fast diminishing in importance. Oil tankers, which accounted for almost half of all Suez traffic, were getting too big for it. As a result, more and more Middle Eastern oil was being shipped in giant tankers around the Cape of Good Hope. Faced with the prospect of dwindling profits from the waterway, Egypt began giving thought to building an overland pipeline as an alternate route for transmitting oil to the Mediterranean Sea. Then, when Israel came up with the same idea following...
Counting on the Neighbors. In addition to its pipeline project, Egypt had originally intended to widen and deepen the Suez Canal-which could previously accommodate fully laden tankers no bigger than 70,000 tons-to handle those in the 200,000-ton range. But many of the new supertankers are 250, 000 tons or more. Moreover, if and when the canal opens, the oil producers would probably find it cheaper to pipe oil to the Mediterranean than to sail through Suez and pay its heavy tolls. Using a pipeline would result in even more savings compared with the cost...
...unloaded from ships and carried across a U.S. "land bridge" consisting of Santa Fe and Penn Central tracks. Moving between New York City and the West Coast in five days, the trains would chop five to eleven days off the same trip made by ship via the Panama Canal, with obvious savings...