Word: canalizes
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...with all the proceedings carried live on radio for the first time, the Senate finally came to grips with the strongly opposed treaties that would surrender U.S. control of the Panama-Canal in the year 2000. Observers predicted at least a month of debate and a close vote. The treaties require a two-thirds majority, or 67 votes, and Administration head counters figured scarcely 60 as certain...
...fact that four Administrations, two Republican and two Democratic, had worked toward the agreements for 13 years. Under the leadership of Ronald Reagan, the conservatives launched an intensive direct-mail campaign to raise money against the treaties, and public opinion polls showed 2-to-1 opposition to ceding the canal...
...create the foreign policy Establishment," says White House Aide Landon Butler. Out of the past came figures like Averell Harriman and John J. McCloy to form the Committee of Americans for the Canal Treaties. Even as what the White House calls "gullible ideologues" were spending millions of dollars to defeat the treaties, the Establishment group was raising hundreds of thousands of dollars on its own, both from direct-mail solicitations and from large corporations with interests in Latin America, like the Chase Manhattan Bank, United Brands and Occidental Petroleum. Meanwhile, former President Ford began speaking out on behalf...
...urging, Carter and Torrijos issued a joint statement clarifying two points in the treaties: that the U.S. would permanently retain the right to defend the waterway's neutrality, and that in an emergency U.S. Navy vessels would "go to the head of the line" through the canal...
Nevertheless, the fact remains that Somoza's National Guard carries American guns, drives American tanks and flies American planes. They are often trained by the Pentagon, either by American advisors in Nicaragua or at the U.S.-run School of the Americas in the Canal zone. Somoza, himself a graduate of West Point, boasts that a higher percentage of his officers are trained at this school--which emphasizes counter insurgency--than that of any other armed forces in Latin America. Moreover, American dollars flow through international institutions such as the World Bank and the Harvard Business School's INCAE program...