Word: cancerous
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...powerful treatments. Indeed, Blobel's research has already helped scientists use tiny cellular "factories" to mass-produce proteins such as erythropoietin, which stimulates red-blood-cell production. A deeper understanding of cellular machinery, which Blobel continues to pursue, could eventually show how cells are damaged in Alzheimer's disease, cancer and infections...
Doctors have long known that lung cancer, which kills 160,000 Americans each year, takes a heavier toll among black Americans, particularly black men, than among whites. In part that's because 34% of black men in the U.S. smoke cigarettes, compared with 28% of white men. (Black women tend to smoke less than white women.) It also has to do with differences in income and access to medical care. But there has always been a lingering suspicion that some of the gap might be due to either overt or subconscious discrimination. A study in last week's New England...
Unlike other cancers, lung cancer is extremely hard to detect in its earliest, most treatable stages. Even so, about 20% of lung-cancer patients are found to have a tumor whose biological characteristics and small size give them a good chance of being cured if the malignant growth is surgically removed...
Researchers at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York City and the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Md., looked at data from more than 10,000 white and black Medicare patients whose tumors were found early enough to make them candidates for surgery. About 77% of the white patients underwent the procedure, compared with 64% of blacks. The difference was sufficiently large to reduce the overall survival rate for black patients to 26% after five years, compared with 34% for whites. It's a gap that concerns the doctors. "People are dying needlessly," says Dr. Peter Bach...
...wealth, but perhaps the amenities it permits that increase a woman's risk of breast cancer? Maybe, and maybe not. Wealthier women also conduct breast self-exams and have mammographies more often than the average population, resulting in a higher level of detection. As with all research of this type, it would be a mistake to jump to conclusions until a firm connection can be made. And though persistent, if vague, concerns over cancer and environmental toxins have plagued the chemical industry for many years, the authors of this study are careful not to declare a definitive link. Meanwhile, though...