Word: cancers
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Still puffing hard on the trail of whatever it is that makes heavy smokers the commonest victims of lung cancer, the pioneer researchers in the field have brought out another cold-comfort report: the tar from pipes and cigars is as potent a cancer-causing agent to mice as that from cigarettes. The investigators were Dr. Ernest L. Wynder of Manhattan's Sloan-Kettering Institute and Adele B. Croninger of St. Louis' Washington University. As co-author they loyally listed their former chief, the late great Surgeon Evarts A. Graham, onetime chain smoker who died of inoperable lung...
...Cancer Research, the investigators describe ingenious mechanical smokers in which they burned pound after pound of pipe, cigar and cigarette tobacco. To make sure that cigarette paper is not a major factor, they had "all-tobacco" cigarettes specially made-wrapped in ordinary cigarette-tobacco leaf. Then they painted the collected tars on the shaved backs of mice, and counted the resulting cancers. While a mouse's back is admittedly not the same as the inside of a man's lung, histologists (tissue specialists) say that it is of essentially the same structure and shows similar reactions...
Oddly, the two most familiar of Dr. Speert's great names are among the earliest and latest: Gabriele Falloppio (circa 1523-62), who vividly described the oviduct as uteri tuba, or trumpet of the uterus, and George Nicholas Papanicolaou, 75, whose technique for detecting early cancer by smearing vaginal secretions on glass slides for microscopic study of cells has become, since 1943, standard procedure in thousands of doctors' offices...
...many dangerous side effects, notably liver damage (TIME, April 21). Since then, instead of being prescribed indiscriminately for office patients, iproniazid is being used so carefully that it appears to be no more dangerous than many another potent drug. It is used not only in psychiatry, but also for cancer patients when they know the end is near, and in some unrelated disorders where its apparent value is not fully understood, e.g., angina pectoris and rheumatoid arthritis. Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. (which markets iproniazid as Marsilid) and rival manufacturers have brought out drugs that are close chemical kin to iproniazid...
...profits rose 11% to $220 million. Domestic consumption jumped to an alltime high of 430 billion cigarettes, up 5% for the year. Most important, per capita use broke the old record of 3,509 cigarettes set in 1952, just before the start of the medical reports linking cigarettes with cancer. Last year the average American aged 15 or over smoked 3,575 cigarettes or 179 packs...