Word: cancers
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...findings, published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, was an especially big blow to pasta-loving men everywhere. The first study to reveal tomatoes' anticancer properties, conducted in 1989, had found that men who consumed one or more weekly servings of tomato sauce reduced their risk of prostate cancer by as much as 60%. Another large 12-year study of more than 47,000 men by Harvard researchers in 2002 found similar effects. Since then, however, other studies have failed to show the same benefits...
...does that mean tomatoes aren't worth eating? Not at all, say researchers. When it comes to prostate cancer in particular, tomatoes may yet offer some health benefits. Many doctors believe that tomato products, and lycopene, don't affect all prostate cancers equally, but may instead help slow the growth only of aggressive and late-stage prostate tumors. "There is some evidence that it's at the later stages of prostate cancer where lycopene might be most relevant," says Dr. Edward Giovannucci, professor of epidemiology and nutrition at the Harvard School of Public Health and principal author...
...Indeed, the introduction of the so-called PSA (prostate specific antigen) test in 1998 appears to have had a significant effect on the results of various studies. In early, pre-PSA studies, more men overall ended up developing cancer - since they weren't screened for preliminary signs of the disease, they couldn't be treated early. In these studies, a strong link between lycopene and the reduction of later-stage aggressive tumors emerged. But in post-PSA studies, this association weakened, since fewer men went on to develop the aggressive, advanced form of the disease. "I'm still as enthusiastic...
...American Cancer Society agrees, and says tomatoes still have lots of beneficial antioxidant properties. "This wouldn't change our advice to cancer patients, which is to eat a variety of vegetables and fruits everyday," says Marji McCullough, director of nutritional epidemiology at the Society. "We do encourage people to eat tomatoes and tomato products because they may reduce the risk of certain cancers, but we recommend that in the context of a diet rich in a variety of deeply colored vegetables and fruits. Until we know more, it's sensible to include tomatoes in the diet." For now, though, just...
...Gruman: [Laughs] You mean my colored past? Well, when I was 20, I had a Hodgkin's [cancer of the lymph system] diagnosis. I had surgery, chemotherapy and radiation for years. Then when I was 30, I had cervical cancer. When I was 48, I was diagnosed with viral pericarditis [an inflammation of the heart tissue]. One day I was in the gym, the next day in intensive care. When I was 50, my doctor suggested that I get a colonoscopy to screen for colon cancer. So I went, and when I woke up I found out that...