Word: canonically
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Pike was irate at the report. Calling upon a seldom-used Episcopal canon, he petitioned Hines for a formal investigation of the "rumors, reports and allegations affecting my personal and official character." Hines countered by allowing a cooling-off period before naming an investigative committee. Softening the blow against Pike, the house then voted to set up a council to "help rethink, restructure and renew the church" -something that Pike has been proposing for years...
Such proposals, which would be radical enough coming from a modern German theologian, are all the more so coming from canon lawyers, who by the nature of their profession tend to be conservatives. Although church officials from the beginning of Christianity found it necessary to draw up rules of proper ecclesiastical behavior, the first collection of such laws dates only from the Middle Ages. Inspired by the revival of study of Roman civil law, clerical scholars began to organize the various pronouncements of Popes and councils on ecclesiastical discipline over the centuries, deciding what rules were relevant. Canon...
Judge of His Accuser. Based on the presumption that law is a means of enforcing community discipline rather than a guideline for regulating a society of equals, canon law contains numerous inequities that have become glaringly obvious in recent years. There are, for example, almost 50 canons detailing the duties of bishops, only one on the rights of laymen in the church. When Father William DuBay* of Los Angeles charged two years ago that his bishop, James Francis Cardinal Mclntyre, should be removed from office on grounds of "gross malfeasance in office," he had no chance for an unbiased hearing...
Well aware that reform of canon law is the key to organizing Catholic progress, Pope John XXIII set up a pontifical commission in 1963 to revise the code. Pope Paul augmented the Commission, which now includes 61 cardinals and 88 consultors-nearly one-fourth of them Italians. Although the makeup of the commission suggests that reform of canon law will be slow and cautious, Monsignor Willem Onclin, its Belgian co-secretary, was present at the meeting of the U.S. Canon Law Society that received the study group's proposals, and returned to Rome astounded and pleased by the adventurous...
...same time that Roman Catholic canon lawyers were putting together their reform proposals, another group of ecclesiastical legal experts-the ulema (scholars) of Islam-was meeting in Cairo to update the Sharia, or code of spiritual rules, which governs their own ancient faith. Since the Sharia is based exclusively upon Mohammed's words in the Koran and the equally authoritative oral tradition of his deeds and sayings, the ulema had a tougher task adapting its provisions to fit the changes in modern life...