Word: capitalists
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...inefficiency. Aside from putting Red bosses in charge of the operation, Walter Ulbricht's government has refrained from tampering with Meissen's time-honored techniques. As a result, Meissen continues to demonstrate its 257-year-old knack for producing exquisite china. The translucent, ornately decorated product commands capitalist prices: a twelve-place dinner service in the famed blue and white "onion" pattern sells for around $900, and more elaborate patterns can run $4,500 and up. And even though few, if any, East Germans can afford to spend that kind of money, the demand for Meissen still outstrips...
...laws, which tend to create monopolies and to oppress an increasingly impoverished working class. He introduced the theory of the surplus value of labor, which held that a commodity's value is determined solely by the labor that goes into it; as Marx saw it, the capitalist pays the worker only a poor part of the real value of his output while skimming off the surplus as unjust profit. In perhaps the most widely touted passage from Das Kapital, he predicted that all this would inevitably lead to Communism: "The centralization of the means of production and the socialization...
...other advanced industrial nations had avoided revolution; 2) capitalism, partly in response to Marx's ideas, had showed itself vital enough to change with the times into something that Marx would hardly have recognized; and 3) workers in the West were increasingly sharing in the fruits of capitalist prosperity. Not until recently did Europe's Communists realize that the real husk that must be cracked is that of or thodox Marxist economics. Many economists consider Marx's surplus-value-of-labor theory the biggest single mischief-maker in Russian economic history. By focusing attention almost entirely...
...signs of failure and frustration abound. The Maoists have yet to oust President Liu Shao-chi, whom they accuse of taking "the capitalist road" of moderation, nor do they seem to be able to reduce his influence-or at least they find it necessary to keep attacking it. They have yet to restore order to China's economy, yet to persuade the majority of Red Guard youths to go back to school (see EDUCATION), yet to rein in the factional infighting that has troubled their ranks. Lawlessness and violence flare each week from Manchuria in the north...
With riots and work stoppages reported from Canton to Shantung, Peking published an order banning peasants from going into cities to "participate in the struggle." Read the proclamation: "At a certain period in recent days, the handful of Party people in authority taking the capitalist road instigated peasants to join in armed struggles in cities, forcing factories, mines, party and government organs and schools to cease functioning." It was, if not civil war, civil disorder on a vast scale-and the greatest crisis Mao has yet confronted in his visionary attempt to reshape China in his own austere image...