Word: capping
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...CAP likely to be the final demand on the Colorado River's bounty. No reclamation work even close to CAP's size is currently planned; Congress, mindful of criticism of pork-barrel projects, has not authorized a major new water program since 1976. Yet Lamm's own state is likely to need more water by the end of the century. Congress has funded parts of an ongoing $1.2 billion reclamation project in Utah that would involve the Colorado's water. Since the river's harvest is fixed, and already overal-located, experts warn that the only way to accommodate these...
...Arizona, CAP provides an alternative to a well that is steadily going dry. Long dependent on aquifers for most of its water, the rapidly growing state has been depleting its underground supplies twice as fast as they can be replenished. CAP's annual gush will eventually furnish Arizona with some 1.5 million acre-feet of water (one acre-foot is the amount needed to inundate one acre to the level of a foot and is roughly the quantity used annually by a family of four). Babbitt, who is fond of calling CAP his state's "last water hole," likens...
Even with it, Arizona is hardly awash in excess water. Indeed, Babbitt sought to ensure that Arizona's liquid riches would not be squandered, by winning passage in 1980 of the nation's most stringent water-management program. The law discourages the state's farmers from using CAP water to expand production of heavily irrigated cotton and citrus crops by requiring the growers to forgo an amount of groundwater equal to their use of the new supply. The measure also provides for the sale of water rights by farmers to developers and local water systems, thus promoting growth without creating...
...river's waters. Arizona's share was set at 2.8 million acre-feet, roughly one-fifth of the Colorado's flow. Because it lacked transporting capacity, however, the state has used less than half of its legal entitlement, allowing California to take much of the remainder. The CAP's new flow will thus put pressure on Southern California, particularly the booming but arid San Diego area, to find additional sources of supply. While more water from Northern California's High Sierra may be available, the West's continued population boom and unpredictable circumstances like drought could lead to a savage...
...emission of ash and gases are all harbingers of greater things to come. Changes in the snowcaps that cover tall volcanoes may also indicate trouble. In Iceland, for example, the sight of a sagging, snow-covered mountaintop, which indicates that hot magma is pushing upward and melting the ice cap, warns knowledgeable residents to head for safety. More sophisticated techniques include tiltmeters or laser ranging devices to detect deformations in the volcano cone, also caused by magma oozing upward. Seismometers are used to measure harmonic tremor around the volcano, a series of highly rhythmic shock waves associated with the motion...