Word: caravaggio
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...access to collections, and the time to develop the repertoire of figures that would fill his work in years to come. Rome was not just a boneyard of suggestive antiques; it was full of living art whose plasticity, color and narrative richness surpassed anything he could see in France -- Caravaggio, Pietro da Cortona, the Carracci. But Pozzo's main gift to Poussin was the intellectual background that enabled a melancholy, impetuous young Frenchman to become the chief peintre-philosophe...
...extent of the Gonzaga art treasures was revealed in the mid-17th | century, a period marking the clan's decline. Smelling a credit crunch, dealers alighted in Mantua to bargain for works by Michelangelo, Raphael, Caravaggio, Veronese and Van Dyke. Simon estimates that 700 paintings by these and other masters were sold, and eventually found various ways into the world's museums. One immovable prize was the Gonzaga pleasure palace at Te, the walls and ceilings of which bloomed with mural paintings that were forerunners of the mannerist style...
...Stella was convinced that abstract painting, for its own survival, would have to take practical lessons from old masters like Rubens and Caravaggio; it must find an "independent pictorial space to establish its ties with the everyday space of perceived reality." This ran counter to the whole argument of American formalism -- and of the movement with which his early black, aluminum and copper stripes had been associated, minimalism -- which strove to isolate the space of pictures from that of the real world. The results were a set of brilliantly colored oblique reliefs, the Brazilian paintings of 1974-75, followed...
...some risk. His new paintings, as they got loopier and more & baroque, looked like a critique of the high cool and decorous lyricism that had become the twin poles of American abstraction. "Somehow painting today," he would write later, "especially abstract painting, cannot bring itself to declare what Caravaggio and Rubens demonstrated again and again -- that picture building is everything...
...gathers up all the ecstatic and theatrical resources of Caravaggio's lighting and impacts them into one single figure. Zurbaran, living in Seville, never went to Italy and never saw an original Caravaggio in Spain, though he probably knew the copy of Caravaggio's Crucifixion of St. Peter, which had been praised by his teacher in Seville, Francisco Pacheco. The crucified Peter who materializes upside down in a reddish visionary fog to the entranced St. Peter Nolasco in one of Zurbaran's weirder paintings -- an astonishing prophecy of late Dali as well as an echo of Caravaggio -- must have been...