Word: carbon
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Thus it was that the ill-fated Apollo was equipped with a hatch that took 90 seconds to open-much too long to save the astronauts, who died within 20 seconds of asphyxiation by carbon monoxide. Thus it also was that the spacecraft contained materials that had been tested for flammability under pure oxygen at a pressure of 5 Ibs. per sq. in. but not under the more dangerous 16 Ibs. used in the ground test...
...lunar tides when the moon was near produced friction and violent heating of the interior and surface layers of the earth, Singer believes. This could well have led to the sudden degassing of rocks, volcanic activity and the creation of an atmosphere that probably consisted of water vapor, carbon dioxide and nitrogen. Thus, the capture of the moon by the earth may well have produced an atmosphere much earlier in the earth's history than anyone had heretofore believed- and led to the evolution of life itself. Terrestrial gravity had an even more spectacular effect on the newly arrived...
Assistant Surgeon General Prindle points out that a heavy cigarette smoker carries a 3% to 4% concentration of carbon monoxide in his bloodstream. Thus it is not surprising, he says, that habitual smokers are the first to turn up at hospitals during periods of extreme air pollution; carbon monoxide concentrations in their bloodstream reach a toxic 25%-30% level before those of nonsmokers...
...particles in pollution are injurious to humans also. Carbon particles that blacken the lungs of residents of London and New York carry gases adsorbed onto their surface. They enable suhphur dioxide, for example, to penetrate deeper into the lungs than it could on its own; without particles to carry it, the gas can be exhaled relatively easily from the upper respiratory tract. Other participates act as catalysts in the atmosphere, speeding the conversion of sulphur dioxide into more harmful sulphuric acid. Particles of arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, lead, chromium and possibly manganese, discharged into the atmosphere by a variety...
...mail in areas with heavy air pollution is three times as high as among mailmen who work in cleaner regions. Researchers also know that there are more deaths from chronic pulmonary disease in high-pollution areas of Buffalo than in other neighborhoods. Boston policemen working around high concentrations of carbon monoxide seem more susceptible to the common cold...