Word: carbonization
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...loose some of the moon's long-guarded secrets. By analyzing a pinch of the powdery lunar dust with a flame ionization detector, Chemist Richard Johnson of NASA's Ames Research Center found the first conclusive evidence of organic compounds on the moon. The presence of these carbon-containing compounds does not prove the existence of life on the moon-simply that its soil contains an element that is basic to life on earth. Johnson found only 25 parts per million of such compounds in his lunar sample, compared with perhaps 10,000 p.p.m. in a typical backyard...
Despite ingenious techniques of optical and radio telescopy, astronomers have piled up more questions about Mars than answers. What is the true nature of those strange seasonal dark-enings? Are the white polar caps composed of frozen water or, as many astronomers believe, dry ice (frozen carbon dioxide)? Do those long controversial "canals" really exist, or are they optical illusions? The 1965 flight of Mariner 4 showed that Mars is pocked by moonlike craters, apparently as a result of meteor bombardment. But the unmanned probe did not determine whether Mars can support anything remotely like earthly life...
...ancient god of war), might be artificial satellites sent into orbit by Martians. But they would have to be unlike any terrestrial creatures. More than ever, Mars seems hostile to most earthly forms of life. Its surface appears exceptionally dry; its atmosphere seems to be composed largely of carbon dioxide with only a trace of water vapor...
Although Chekhov is depicting a group of people, almost everyone of them is decidedly lonely, and frustrated in one way or another. And they are all ordinary, unexceptional people, essentially failures. Yet they are not carbon copies of each other--except in bad productions. Director Kahn and his players have managed to assure that every single one of these average people is unique, is an individual, is a three-dimensional character, with a past, a present, and--this is important--a future. Chekhov envisions a happier future for later, generations, and underlines the necessity of hard work and hope...
...would the inhabitants want for luxuries. Levitt believes that virtually anything man?or woman?might desire can be produced on the moon by combining available minerals with a source of energy to produce chemical reactions. One of Levitt's chemical chains, beginning with carbon and calcium, can lead to the manufacture of medicines, plastics, dyes, food additives, rubber, ceramics, even fertilizers and textiles. "Naturally, we're going to insist that the girls go with us to the moon," grins Levitt, "and when we get there we'll be able to make all of their lipsticks, perfumes, nail polishes?you name...