Word: carbons
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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Typical is the situation with ersatz motor fuel. Most of the synthetic gasoline made from coal, plus the conquered Rumanian oil, has been invested in the Caucasus campaign for more oil. Meanwhile wartime traffic limps on carbon monoxide made in portable charcoal burners (TIME, Sept. 7). Last week a new ersatz fuel appeared in the news: liquefied methane gas in pressure tanks. This fuel is obtained by "bottling" natural gas in Italy, Hungary and Denmark, and also as a byproduct in the production of gasoline from coal. Recently Berlin Gasworks Co. prepared to extract methane from the city gas supply...
...Pittsburgh Corning Corp., is utterly unlike ordinary glass. It not only floats but is black in color, opaque, weighs about one-fifteenth as much as ordinary glass and can easily be sawed, drilled or shaped without chipping or shattering. To make it, glass is finely crushed and heated with carbon dust in a furnace. The molten mass rises and swells like dough as gas from the carbon froths up the melting glass into a foam which later cools and hardens while still keeping its foam structure. Waterproof, ratproof, rotproof, heat-resistant-Foamglas is finding its first big industrial...
...mounted on the rear bumper, the trunk compartment or the rumble seat, can be charged with coal or charcoal, but more cheaply with a charge of equal parts of sawdust and chopped or "hogged" wood. A carefully controlled draft prevents complete combustion of the wood while generating carbon monoxide, the fuel actually used by the motor. The combustible gas is blown or sucked into the engine manifold. Cleaners are provided to remove tar, water, dust...
...grow fat. This announcement from the University of Wisconsin last week concluded its five-year study of the nutritive value of synthetic urea, opened a new era in feeds, perhaps in foods. Urea is a reasonably priced, simple nitrogen compound made chemically from nothing more than ammonia and carbon dioxide. Not a protein, synthetic urea is so closely related to protein that it can replace a major part of the vegetable proteins in cattle feed. Urea is manufactured in large quantity for use in many types of plastics and as a rich fertilizer. Caution: Urea is not digestible by farm...
These are the same five elements which play the important role of furnace men in the sun and most other stars. In the well-established carbon cycle, originally proposed by Dr. Hans Bethe of Cornell University, hydrogen is the fuel and helium the ash of stars, while carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen are the elements which keep the process going...