Word: carbons
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...Warner experiments are borne out, the detoxicant mixture may be of great help in industrial poisonings, for it works effectively on lead, benzol (a solvent) and carbon tetrachloride (used in the cleaning industry). For human consumption, the detoxicants are made up in small white pills, which taste like strong, sour orange juice. Physicians are trying them on patients at several large medical schools, for alcoholism, toxemias of pregnancy, arthritis...
...either the radium or cyclotron bombardment of the diamonds, Dr. Berman explained, a short lived radioactive form of carbon is produced, together perhaps with some gas, like helium. The theory is that such gas molecules could become tightly lodged in the microscopic crevices of the diamond structure, and could impart the green color through a scattering of light rays...
Fungi (with the algae which do have chlorophyll) are the earth's oldest and most primitive plants, lacking root, stems and leaves. Fungi also lack the power of green plants to make food out of sunlight, carbon dioxide and water, and must therefore live off organic matter. So there are two types of fungi: 1) parasites, which feed on living plants and animals; 2) saprophytes, which feed on dead organisms. Pleasant are some fungi, such as the mushrooms (commercially grown on horse manure) which decorate steaks. Valuable are others, like the bacteria which decompose dead organisms, fix nitrogen...
Diatoms are the grass of the waters-the major source of energy and sustenance for marine life. A few thousandths of an inch across, the diatom's jewel-like silica case encloses a drop of protoplasm. In it chlorophyll magically manufactures organic matter out of sunlight, carbon dioxide and water. As this photosynthesis proceeds, diatoms multiply by splitting. Though each diatom is invisible, they outweigh in volume and importance all other sea plants combined, including seaweeds which grow as big as oaks...
Oceanographer Allen reports that in years of unusually warm Pacific water, diatoms were fewer. Diatoms flourish best in cold water, which contains more dissolved carbon dioxide than warm. Result is the well-known abundance of whales, seals, big fish in polar regions...