Word: carcinoma
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...hedgehog--they have been able to awaken hair follicles from a resting state and force them into an active one. Alas, that's just in mice. Whether the therapy works on human pates remains to be seen. One potential problem: the Sonic hedgehog gene is linked to basal-cell carcinoma, a common, treatable skin cancer...
...consider hormone-replacement therapy but fear that the estrogen in HRT will increase their risk of breast cancer. The jury is still out, but here's some reassurance. A study of 37,000 women found little evidence that estrogen is linked to common types of cancers such as ductal carcinoma in situ (a cancer confined to a duct). It may, however, increase some uncommon forms--but they are slow growing and may be easily treatable...
MARGIN OF SAFETY For years, doctors have tried to spare women from having a mastectomy for ductal carcinoma in situ, a noninvasive form of breast cancer. Instead, they cut out only the cancerous cells and then irradiate the breast. Now a major report shows that women may be able to avoid radiation too--as long as doctors remove a 1/2-in. margin of tissue along with the problem cells. That sure beats getting zapped, which is expensive, time consuming and may make future mammograms difficult to read...
...Maryland collector who lent it to the Whitney Museum in New York City. There it was seen by an ophthalmologist who, not sure whether he was intruding or not, got a message to Close. Did he know that one eye of the man in the painting showed signs of carcinoma? No, Close didn't, but his father-in-law had a checkup, and it turned out to be true. People always hope their lives will be enhanced by works of art, but this was the only time an American's sight was saved...
...There are 500,000 patients dying each yearfrom advanced cancer and 1.3 million new cancerpatients each year," Folkman says.Courtesy of The New England Journal ofMedicineCANCER AND THE ANGIOGENIC LINK: An insitu carcinoma grows to form a tumor. There aretwo types of cells: angiogenic tumor cells andnon-angiogenic cells. The cancer spreads to otherparts of the body (metastasis). Either angiogenictumor cells or non-angiogenic cells exist. Theangiogenic tumor cells can rapidly grow and bedetected in the clinic...