Word: cartel
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...better part of a century, London has been the world's diamond capital. There the British-dominated diamond cartel has held the famed "sights" at which it sells its uncut stones. Last year Britain re-exported ?35 million ($98 million) worth of diamonds, more than half of them to the U.S. But due to currency controls, the diamond merchants had to resort to sharp practices to stay in business...
...deadlock had thus far prevented sale of a single asset, though 1,100 cartel agreements had been ordered dissolved. Now that some plants were ready for sale, there was another obstacle-a shortage of German capital to buy them. Much of the available capital in Germany was controlled by the cartelists. But the Military Government hoped that enough safeguards could be set up to keep the plants from being secretly bought by the old cartelists or being drawn into new cartels...
...Bearing Co. was convicted of conspiring with its British and French affiliates to fix world prices of roller bearings and restrict competition. In Manhattan, E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., National Lead Co. and three individuals were fined a total of $43,000 (the maximum) for operating a worldwide cartel in titanium pigments. The companies were already under court order to license titanium production at a reasonable royalty...
...without dire peril. This is the same fallacy that expresses itself in the old saying, "There are only so many slices in the cake." Some businessmen say this when they decide that their markets cannot be expanded and, therefore, should be divided among them in quotas set by their cartel. Some labor unions decide that there are only so many jobs to be divided, and therefore oppose labor-saving devices...
...Tungsten Cartel. A federal district court found General Electric, two of its subsidiaries, and three of their officials guilty in an antitrust suit of conspiring with Germany's Krupp between 1927 and 1940 to monopolize world trade in tungsten and other hard metals. G.E., planning an appeal, claimed that "the law applicable to situations of this kind is in a state of utter chaos...