Word: catalonians
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...wooden Madonna with the Child upright in her lap appeared as if by miracle within a cave in the mountain one day ten centuries ago. First a church, then a monastery was built near the peak in her honor. The shrine became a military strongpoint in the struggle between Catalonian Christians and Moors; the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V prayed before the Black Virgin many times, and Saint Ignatius Loyola found his vocation in her presence. Today, she is the legendary protector of all Catalonia, and every devout Catalonian makes a pilgrimage to her shrine at least once in life...
...last year, and though they tardily ordered shopkeepers to keep prices pegged, the cost of living has leaped 25%. Last week, spurred by an announced 20 centimo (½?) rise in streetcar fares, the people of Barcelona (pop. 1,280,000) decided to make a protest. Word raced through the Catalonian capital: "Don't ride the streetcars...
...spent a lifetime collecting this treasure-trove was a proud, bantam-sized Catalan who exploded onto the political scene in 1901 as founder of a Catalan regionalist party, rose to fame as an ardent spokesman for Catalonian autonomy. Hand in hand with Cambo's political success went his reputation as a financial wizard and "the Andrew Mellon of Spain." When Cambo's political party went down to defeat at the polls on the verge of Spain's civil war, Cambo wisely decamped, ended up in Buenos Aires, where he lived handsomely on the returns of his insurance...
...Cypresses Believe in God, by José Maria Gironella. A vastly ambitious novel which examines, through the eyes of key characters in the Catalonian town of Gerona, the complex play of social forces leading up to the Spanish civil war (TIME, April...
First a small-town altar boy, then an anticlerical Republican, then a Socialist, Comorera helped found the Catalonian independence movement in the 1930s, a few years later merged it with the Communists and took command. He was Catalonia's Minister of Agriculture and Economy and its strongman when the civil war broke out. Through the war, he commuted regularly between Barcelona and Moscow to relay party orders. He policed the Catalonian party with his own Cheka, men in black leather jackets, crisscrossed by cartridge bandoleers. Their knock on a door in Catalonia usually meant torture and death...