Word: catfish
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...here for. They had to figure it out the hard way. Many pulled courageous, tire-screeching, midcareer 180s, like the miserable marine biologist who threw away his Ph.D. to become a deliriously happy dentist, or the hard-charging vice president at First Boston who chucked it all to raise catfish in the Mississippi Delta...
...them is not usually harmful to the ecosystem. Farming of crayfish in China--the largest supplier to the U.S.--is a relatively low-maintenance, drug-free business carried out in rice paddies. Next come the vegetarian freshwater species that do not need large quantities of fish meal--carp, catfish and tilapia. At the bottom are salmon and shrimp, onetime luxury foods that, thanks to aquaculture, can be purchased around the world in any season at supermarket prices. Both species eat several pounds of fish meal to gain a pound of weight. And both create lots of waste...
...fish in ponds get swept into channels by rainfall, others are released accidentally during transport. Bighead and silver carp that were introduced to China's plateau lakes in the 1950s have cleared those waters of whole species of indigenous fish. And Asian carp, which were introduced in Mississippi Delta catfish ponds to control parasites, escaped in the early 1990s and have migrated up the Mississippi and Illinois rivers to within 25 miles of Lake Michigan, threatening native fish with their voracious feeding habits...
...carp in the ponds with weeds from the rice field. The silt from the ponds is used as fertilizer for the fields, and crabs are grown to eat pests. Some of those techniques are being adapted in Western fish farms. In Tuscaloosa, Ala., Dan Butterfield, 59, raises bass, carp, catfish and other species in the same pond; the sun and the catfish feces stimulate the growth of phytoplankton, which feeds the other species. His water stays relatively clean, with no need to discharge wastes. "I am probably the most environment-friendly fish farmer in the country," claims Butterfield, who figures...
...Before they launch hasty trademark fights, countries should consider America's plight. Though it is winning its battle with the Vietnamese, the U.S. has lost ground elsewhere in the trademarking war. Congress's catfish vote forced the U.S. trade representative to drop opposition to a similar ban in Europe that allows only North Atlantic sardines to be sold as herring...