Word: celling
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Then, a couple of years ago, the Royalton stopped answering its phone. Crazy stories circulated, all true. There were new owners, Steve Rubell and Ian Schrager, the Merry-Andrews who ran the wildly successful disco Studio 54 a decade before (and shared a cell in federal prison for evading taxes on the disco's income). To reinvent everything from door knobs to plumbing, they hired Philippe Starck, a Euro-glitz wild man usually described as a French biker-designer (he is French, rides a big motorcycle and designs things...
...good and bad labels, however, can be simplistic and misleading. Pure cholesterol is a life-sustaining substance that plays an essential role in building cell membranes and sex hormones as well as aiding digestion. Problems begin when the body is saddled with an excess of LDL, which normally carries some 60% to 80% of the blood's total cholesterol. This excess can trigger the formation of plaque on the interior walls of the coronary arteries, a condition called atherosclerosis. In time, this hardened, sludge-filled growth narrows the artery and allows a clot to form, severely blocking the blood flow...
...VLDL boats unload their triglycerides into body tissues, the carriers get progressively smaller, denser and proportionately more cholesterol-rich, ultimately becoming particles of LDL. The LDLs are then pulled out of the bloodstream by special protein receptors on the surface of cells. "These receptors reach out and grab cholesterol like a first baseman catching a ball thrown by a shortstop," says Dr. Michael Brown of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, who, with his colleague Dr. Joseph Goldstein, won a Nobel Prize in 1985 for discovering LDL receptors. What happens to excess LDLs that are not taken...
...hemoglobin substitute is still some years away, and synthetic red- cell expanders are only in the test stages. There are also drawbacks to laying in a private stock of blood for a transfusion that may never be necessary. Three pints are typically requested for surgery, and drawing, processing and storing them can be expensive -- about $200 a pint per year. The donor must also pay the cost of transporting the blood to where it is needed -- an especially difficult task if the patient is involved in an automobile accident miles from his blood bank...
Scientists at a number of centers are also trying to develop ways to increase the body's own production of red blood cells. Doctors at Michael Reese Hospital in Chicago are testing a technique that seems to fill the bill. They use a genetically engineered copy of a compound called erythropoietin, a hormone made in the kidneys that controls red-cell production...