Word: cellular
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...four letters, taken three at a time to form a single genetic word, code the same amino acids in all living things. Thus by the mid-1960s, scientists finally understood how DNA passes on genetic information with exquisite precision, and the way it orders up the fabrication of new cellular protein...
...CONCEPT IS not as farfetched as it sounds. Real viruses are merely segments of DNA (or RNA) surrounded by largely-protein sheaths; they penetrate the cell nucleus (leaving their sheaths behind) and take over the cellular...
...Wisconsin has shown that some tumor viruses behave differently. They reverse the normal order of genetic transmission, and with the aid of a recently discovered enzyme, use their RNA messenger molecules to produce DNA, the double-helix master molecule. In a way not yet understood, this triggers the cellular genetic machinery to order cell division, causing the cancerous growth that is then perpetuated in succeeding cell generations...
...George Todaro and other researchers have since found similar enzyme activity in normal cells as well. They have also found evidence of these enzymes in human and animal embryonic tissues, thus helping to confirm the views of many scientists who believe that cancer is probably an aberration of normal cellular growth...
Sickened at discovering that all life is a form of cannibalism, Marian gives up eating meat-and finally gives up eating altogether. Even cake comes to feel "cellular against her tongue, like the bursting of thousands of tiny lungs...