Word: censorship
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Secret Plan. Lately, some Portuguese journalists have grown even feistier. Jorno Novo, a Socialist daily founded just after nationalization by a former advertising man, earlier this month ran an exposé of what it called a secret government plan to impose censorship and fines of up to $20,000 for sins like "neglect of duty to sensitize the population to the great national tasks." Social Communications Minister Jorge Correia Jesuino, a Gonçalves intimate, refused to discuss the scheme, but even government-controlled papers hastily denounced it. Since then, an anti-Communist slate has easily won control...
Since she declared a state of emergency eight weeks ago, India's Prime Minister Indira Gandhi has suspended civil liberties, imposed rigid press censorship and arrested at least 20,000 people (some estimates go as high as 60,000), including a number of opposition political leaders and dissident members of her ruling Congress Party. Last week, in the harshest step toward authoritarianism since the original clampdown, Indira rammed through Parliament a bill that would end her current battle with the courts by changing-retroactively-the election laws she had been convicted of violating...
...push toward the goal of reducing foreign reporters in India to flacks for her authoritarian regime. At first the government seemed to be backing down after criticism of its demand that all journalists from abroad sign away their freedom to report events by pledging to "comply" with strait-jacket censorship guidelines. Reporters were instead handed an alternative pledge that acknowledged their receipt of the guidelines but did not contain any flat-out promise to obey them. A debate quickly followed over whether the distinction in phrasing marked a genuine retreat by Mrs. Gandhi's government from censorship...
Charade's End. The pledge ostensibly ended the subtle charade that foreign reporters had concocted to evade the government's jerry-built censorship. For a month some overseas journalists in New Delhi had escaped the censor's leaden fist by telephoning or telexing their copy direct to their home offices, or by flying out of the country to file from Beirut or Bangkok and then flying back a few days later. The Indian government, while it barred distribution of some foreign publications like TIME and Newsweek, tolerated the practice...
...week's end the Indian government, apparently disturbed by foreign reaction, issued a confusing modification of the pledge that provoked another flurry of telexed exchanges between the harried foreign correspondents and their home-office editors. The new version required journalists to acknowledge "receipt" of the censorship guidelines and to undertake "full responsibility for reports in regard to these guidelines," but extracted no explicit promise to submit to them. That left the press wondering whether the government had in effect backed down. Journalists from several Western news organizations, including CBS, the New York Times and the Christian Science Monitor, felt...