Word: censorships
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...military is not new, the wrangling reached its worst level in years during the Gulf War, prompted by strict rules on reporting instituted by the Department of Defense. But in fighting this battle with military critics, the press forgot about the last one. In order to fight censorship in this war, it has perpetuated myths about the media in America's first "living-room war," the Vietnam War, when the reporters themselves were the chief source of censorship...
Those trying to report the war accurately have every right to complain about these strictures. Americans should be exposed to the full reality of the war they supported so strongly. But unfortunately, in protesting today's censorship, Apple, Browne and others have drawn misleading comparisons with Vietnam...
ADMITTEDLY, there was not the military censorship in Vietnam that has characterized the Gulf War. Such strict rules from the Pentagon are foreign to Vietnam-era reporters. (Although these rules were common in World Wars...
...fact is that while there was no military censorship in Vietnam, there was still censorship. Beginning in 1984, University of California professor Daniel C. Hallin reviewed hundreds of hours of TV news reports on Vietnam from all 3 networks at the Vanderbilt University Television Archive. Hallin's results, compiled in his book The "Uncensored War," were startling...
During the Vietnam War, the media observed a strict, self-imposed censorship which downplayed the savage nature of that war. Members of the media absolutely refused to question administration policy--at least until very late in the war, when most Americans supported withdrawal anyway. The reasons ranged from fear of offending the parents of soldiers to conservatism among the network brass. But after Vietnam, the Pentagon Papers and Watergate, a more cynical press emerged--one that was unwilling to cotton to the government's requests for non-critical reporting...