Word: centralization
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...also came to understand the different methods of centralization that caused such a huge difference between French and American societies. The astounding French bureaucracy and central decision-making process in Paris meant that French communes “vegetated in invincible apathy.” By contrast, Tocqueville saw that the American system of umbrella federal governance with state and local administration and enforcement allowed citizens to come up with and execute innovative new ideas via “local initiative.” As Josiah Quincy, then President of Harvard and previously Mayor of Boston, informed Tocqueville, the lack...
...sailors competed this weekend at the 29th Marchiando and 50th Friis Trophies Team Races and came away victors of the second fleet of racing, or in ninth position overall. The Crimson also sent a contingent to the Longfellow Bridge Invitational, the fourth installment of the Central Series this spring season, and finished sixth out of 16 teams...
Privately, many senior leaders in the ruling Congress party had complained to their party president, Sonia Gandhi, that Chidambaram used unnecessarily provocative language when talking about the Maoists. But Singh refused to accept Chidambaram's offer to resign after the massacre. With the central government still debating how to deal with the Maoists, there is confusion on the ground about how to tackle the insurgency. Gill says it's time to rethink the entire strategy and criticizes Chidambaram for giving the go-ahead to a "flawed operation." (See pictures of India's turning points...
...members of the government's Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) were taking a break on April 6 at around 6 a.m. after traveling all night, when they were ambushed by what some officials estimate to be 400 Maoists positioned on a neighboring hilltop. The Maoists executed their attack with fierce precision, giving the soldiers no chance to react. They blew up an anti-land-mine vehicle and then began firing indiscriminately. The shocked and exhausted soldiers, who had not been able to follow standard procedures like checking the road for land mines ahead of time, were massacred within minutes...
...Also last year, the previous Socialist Prime Minister, Ferenc Gyurcsany, resigned following years of controversy that began when he admitted that his party had lied about the state of the economy before 2006 elections. "[Jobbik] is a protest movement," says Laszlo Csaba, an economics professor at Budapest's Central European University. "And without strong ideological or organization glue, I think they'll have trouble staying together." (Read about Europe's march to the far right...