Word: centralize
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Philadelphia's Negro population numbers about 490,000, with new immigrants -mostly from the South and 60% unskilled workers-coming in at the rate of 600 a month. Most of the Negroes are concentrated in the central sector of the city, dubbed "the jungle." There, dismal lines of grimy, red brick row houses huddle bleakly behind paneless or paper-covered windows, and tenants must sometimes use ladders in place of stairways, outhouses instead of running-water toilets. With the jungle overcrowded, other immigrants fan out into other areas in the city. Some well-off families manage to slip into...
...five years as Prime Minister of Southern Rhodesia, Garfield Todd became a symbol and something of a saint to the 2,220,000 Africans who comprise 92% of the population. More than any other white leader in the Central African Federation (the united British territories of Southern and Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland), Todd fought to advance the rights of black men. He tried to give the vote to more Africans, to increase Africans' wages. But in his zeal for racial "partnership," Garfield Todd, longtime Churches of Christ (Disciples) missionary, gradually antagonized more and more of Southern Rhodesia...
...central government's response was swift: it ordered the dishonorable discharge and immediate arrest of Colonels Husein, Lubis, Djambek and Simbolon, sent two B-25 bombers over Padang to spray the city with leaflets announcing the colonels' dismissal for "endangering the security of the state...
...Indonesia's rival governments. The armies are small ones-measurable in battalions rather than divisions-and there is no easy way for them to get at each other, since neither side has enough warships or transports to mount an invasion. The rebels have no aircraft at all; the central government has only a few, with perhaps several hundred paratroopers. Java has more population (54 million, v. Sumatra's 12 million). But Java must import even its food, is already in serious economic difficulties. Sumatra is rich in rubber, tin and coffee, provides some 72% of Indonesia...
Even at this late date, no one seemed eager for a final break. All of the nation's major political parties, except the Communists, offered their services to mediate between rebel Sumatra and the central government. In Djakarta, hundreds of students routed Dr. Mohammed Hatta out of his bed at 3 a.m. to urge that the nation's problems be solved "without bloodshed." Hatta obligingly announced that he would have "no part of any government formed under the pressure of rebel threats," and the Sultan of Djokiakarta took time off from examining model dairy farms at the University...