Word: centralize
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...airlift supplies-such items as tents. Jeeps, small arms and radio sets-to aid them. But the main difficulty of staunchly anti-Communist Premier Phoui Sananikone lies in the fact that the poor, discontented, primitive half of Laos' 2,000,000 people have never developed loyalty to the central government...
...last week came the shamefaced admission that so-called bourgeois economic laws were right, after all, and the Communists themselves perpetrators of an economic whopper. The Central Committee of the Communist Party, in a two-week meeting at the mountain resort of Kuling, formally conceded that nearly every one of it's 1958 production figures had been false (see box). And the errors were no small ones: if the new figures were to be trusted, all the hardship of the communes had produced only a 35% gain in grain, not the 102% Peking had boasted of, and there...
...foot-high summit of the Great Minaret, from which for centuries cruel khans and emirs had cast their enemies to their deaths. Over the main gate, in Russian and Uzbek, Maclean read the inscription: Town Soviet. Elsewhere he found decay and neglect. The miles of covered shops in Central Asia's most fabled bazaar had dwindled to a handful of grubby stalls, and only a few of the city's former 100 ornate mosques and 300 madrasahs (Moslem religious schools) were...
...decades since then, few foreigners have seen Bukhara. But its neighboring ancient cities on the vast Central Asian steppes seem to have learned their lesson. In the bustling streets of modern Tashkent and the redolent, mud-walled courtyards of Samarkand (pop. 170,000), short, moonfaced Uzbeks with golden skin and embroidered skullcaps no longer call the Russians hated koperlar (infidels). The commissars have done their work well. This summer hundreds of tourists, many of them Americans, flying southeast from Moscow in swift TU-IO4 jets that make the 2,500-mile trip to Tashkent in four hours, have been rewarded...
Ancient Battlegrounds. From the Caspian Sea to the border of China, Soviet Central Asia is a region as big as India, half as big as the U.S. Mountain ranges, deserts as bone-dry as the Sahara, and interminable wastes of grassy steppes make it one of the earth's most inhospitable areas. But from this Eurasian heartland came Aryans to populate the West, and across its pink sands marched generations of world conquerors. In 329 B.C. Alexander the Great sacked Samarkand ("Place of Sugars"), a city already centuries old. Rebuilt, Samarkand became one of the central depots...