Word: cerro
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...army, the regime's backbone, divided three ways. Unqualifiedly loyal to the dictator, whatever his course, were two units: the 1,500-man palace guard and the 900-man Cerro Cora Regiment in Asuncion. But nine miles from Asuncion sat the 2,000-man cavalry, fiercely opposed to any liberalizing. Siding with the cavalry was the 600-man navy, with two gunboats (one under repair), seven admirals. A third army group -the 1,500-man 5th Military Region headquartered in the storied Chaco area-wanted Stroessner to restore a measure of freedom. Supporting these liberals...
...with new wells coming in at record rates, oilmen foresee that it may rise another 85% by 1966. Oil now accounts for about $2 billion in exports, or about 95% of the yearly total. Iron-ore production, mostly by the United States Steel Corp. mines at Cerro Bolivar, increased by a third in 1957 to about 15 million tons. Irrigation projects and rapid farm mechanization have boosted agriculture until Venezuela now produces 85% of its own food. New investments and a protectionist policy for inefficient industry have boosted production of everything from paint and cement to soap and tires...
Among the more practical projects are the country's first petrochemical plant at Morón ($75 million) and an industrial complex of a steel mill and a 300,000 kw. hydroelectric plant being hacked out of the desolate countryside near ore-rich Cerro Bolivar. Also built or building are railroads, schools and housing. But many projects are notably frivolous. Item: a $30-million cable-car sightseeing system, with oxygen-equipped cars, to the top of 15,380-ft. Mount Espejo...
...swift, black Caroni River plunges into the chocolate-colored Orinoco. Southward from this junction of two mighty streams lie jungles and sandy scrublands studded with low, reddish mountains. This poor-looking expanse is one of the world's great storehouses of iron. West of the Caroni looms Cerro Bolivar, blanketed with 500 million tons of high-grade ore. Farther west lies another iron mountain, El Trueno, endowed with 150 million tons. On the other side of the Caroni. Bethlehem Steel Corp. gathers up 3,000,000 tons of ore a year from El Pao. and barely dents the mountain...
...until 1950. when a Bethlehem Steel Corp. subsidiary began mining El Pao. The ore traveled by rail to the Orinoco, then by shallow-draft vessel to deep-water Puerto de Hierro (Iron Port). In early 1954, a U.S. Steel Corp. subsidiary, Orinoco Mining Co., sent its first load of Cerro Bolivar ore down the river. Orinoco Mining has spent $230 million on its Cerro Bolivar mine and the installations that go with it: a trim little company town near the base of the mountain; a river port (Puerto Ordaz); 90 miles of railroad; and iSo miles of Orinoco channel, making...