Word: cfc
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...sustainable development is already emerging unheralded from the intersection of biotechnology and biological diversity. Pharmaceutical companies already reap huge sales from this or that wild and wonderful molecule discovered in the natural variety of plant and animal life. Natural or genetically enhanced organisms aid with environmental cleanup. A CFC-eating bacterium was recently found in sediments of the Potomac River. A basic laboratory for biotechnology and diagnostic medicine uses a heat- resistant enzyme derived from a bacterium native to Yellowstone hot springs. Upward of nearly $100 billion of annual economic activity is generated at this intersection of biotechnology and biological...
...change won't faze major manufacturers of chlorofluorocarbons, the main chemical culprits in the ozone-destruction scenario. Such firms have already developed ozone-friendlier substances, and can take the new deadline in stride. The real burden, both technical and financial, will fall on makers of CFC-reliant appliances like refrigerators and air-conditioning systems. They will be under pressure to quickly modify their products to accommodate the substitute chemicals -- a process destined to make such appliances more costly to consumers...
Both India and China refused to sign the original Montreal Protocol, but they were placated by the creation in 1990 of a special $240 million fund, financed by the developed countries, to help developing nations switch to CFC- free technologies. China signed the revised protocol last year, and India now expects to follow suit. The U.S. initially balked at the idea of ozone- linked foreign aid but agreed to put up 25% of the money after language was added to the agreement stipulating that American willingness to help countries pay for CFC phaseouts would not be taken as a precedent...
...CAPTION: CFC Offenders and Substitutes
...molecules would be destroyed. Admittedly, the energy requirement would still be exorbitant, but Stix believes that a 20-fold improvement in the overall efficiency of this approach could make it feasible. Even so, tens of thousands of lasers would have to be designed, tested and built before the first CFC molecule could get zapped. If this is the best idea for reviving the ozone layer, an ounce of prevention is worth more than many tons of cure...