Word: cfc
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India, which in the early 1970s invested heavily in the purchase of Western refrigeration technology, today not only manufactures its own refrigerators but exports CFC compressors. Says Ashish Kothari of Kalpavriksh, India's best- known environmental group: "Our development strategies cannot be sacrificed for the destruction of the environment caused by the West." And then there is the cost of changing technologies. "India recognizes the threat to the environment and the necessity for a global burden sharing to control it," says Maneka Gandhi, former Minister of the Environment, who represented India at the Montreal Protocol negotiations. "But is it fair...
...thing. They bear direct responsibility for most of the damage that has been done, and they can best afford the costs attached to switching technologies. But what about the countries of the Second and Third Worlds? Many of them are just beginning to enjoy the comforts of CFC technology, and they cannot easily pay for a changeover...
...sanctions. But there is also grass-roots pressure in some developing countries. In Mexico, for example, consumer complaints persuaded local manufacturers that it was time to begin removing CFCs from aerosol products. The changeover happened so quickly that when one company ran out of labels saying THIS IS A CFC-FREE PRODUCT, store managers rejected the shipment, knowing that many of their customers would leave unlabeled spray cans on the shelf...
...Czechoslovakia and Poland, most households have CFC-based refrigerators and others badly want them. Neither country has put in place a system for recovering the coolants. Says an official at the Ministry of Environmental Protection in Warsaw: "If we are not able to solve the problem of disposal of used bottles, plastic items and batteries, what can we say about the proper disposal of refrigerators...
...task is also daunting in the rapidly developing countries of China and India. Together they now contribute 3% of the world's burden of ozone- depleting chemicals, but their potential demand for CFC products is so great that without the cooperation of both countries, any plan to heal the ozone hole is destined to fail. China's 800 million consumers, encouraged by more than 10 years of economic reform, are ravenous for luxury items such as aerosol cosmetics and air conditioners, and Chinese industry cannot make them fast enough. In the early 1980s China produced 500,000 refrigerators a year...