Word: chaco
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...Americas settled last week their toughest boundary dispute in a way which did them proud. The final awards that ended the century-old quarrel between Bolivia and Paraguay over the title to the Chaco Boreal* were made in the names of the Presidents of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Peru, Uruguay and the U.S. And no one could fail to contrast the operation of Pan-American peace machinery with that recently observed in Munich...
First there were three years (1932-35) of disastrous warfare over the half-desert, half-swamp of the Chaco. About 100,000 men lost their lives. Then there were three years of patient negotiations at Buenos Aires. Last July Bolivian and Paraguayan representatives signed an agreement submitting to final arbitration by the six Presidents, pledged to act ex aequo et bono-"according to what is right and good." Two weeks later Paraguay's electorate voted ten-to-one to accept any boundary awards made. Bolivia's Constitutional Assembly soon followed suit...
...last week the commission had decided "what is right and good." To Paraguay the map makers awarded the lion's share of the area. Paraguay will get about three-quarters of the disputed Chaco Boreal, an area about the size of Missouri. Generally regarded as impassable swamp in winter and dry-as-dust desert in summer, the Chaco has long been held by Paraguay to be potentially a land of cattle raising, wheat and cotton growing...
...Tropic of Capricorn runs through the Chaco, the Tropic of Cancer just north of Cuba. The area between the Tropics includes Central America, the jungles of the Amazon, the West Indies, the least habitable parts of Africa, the East Indies and the deserts of northern Australia...
...from being the final settlement of the Chaco dispute, however, the mediators realized that this accord was merely the first step. Three more important steps remain: 1) the treaty must be ratified by the two nations within 20 days, in Paraguay by a plebiscite, in Bolivia by constitutional assembly; 2) within two months of this approval, representatives of the mediating nations must establish the boundary in the Chaco; and 3) Paraguay and Bolivia must accept it. On the last step, however, the Chaco settlement may stumble. Fortnight ago Paraguayan Politician Dr. Geronimo Zubizarreta, so far sole candidate for the September...