Word: challe
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...letters and sounds correspond and those who emphasize whole words and stories. Why Johnny Can't Read, published in 1955, was a hysterical attempt by a phonics advocate to overthrow the then prevalent "look-say" method. In her landmark book, Learning to Read, published in 1967, Jeanne Chall examined the disparate studies undertaken over the decades. She found that beginning readers who were systematically taught phonics performed better than those who were not. She made it clear, though, that phonics instruction should not consist of mindless drills, should not be done to the exclusion of reading stories and should...
...case in point is the Corcoran Gallery's sudden cancellation of an exhibit of Robert Mapplethorpe's photographs. The whole matter was needlessly confused when the director, Christina Owr-Chall, claimed she was canceling the show to protect it from censorship. She meant that there might be pressure to remove certain pictures -- the sadomasochistic ones or those verging on kiddie porn -- if the show had gone on. But she had in mind, as well, the hope of future grants from the National Endowment for the Arts, which is under criticism for the Mapplethorpe show and for another show that contained...
JEANNE S. CHALL is professor of Education, director of the Harvard Reading Laboratory and chairman of the Reading, Language and Learning Disabilities program at the Graduate School of Education. She is an educational psychologist and has written widely on development and the psychology of reading, including "Learning to Read: The Great Debate" and "Stages of Reading Development...
...real, and they are the product of a process that outgoing Secretary of Education Terrel Bell has labeled the "dumbing down" of study materials for U.S. classrooms. Significantly, in a study at Harvard of sample texts and standardized test scores for Grades 1,8 and 11, Reading Expert Jeanne Chall discovered a correlation between textbook quality and learning. "We saw that in the years SAT scores went down," she says, "the year before, textbooks had also declined," The roots of dumbing down go back to the 1920s, when schools began systematic testing of students and concluded that the curriculum...
...program. Ten years ago the HGSE faculty voted to eliminate this program, largely as a consequence of the elimination of formerly substantial federal funds for this enterprise and of the shifting interests of the HGSE faculty. One program at HGSE which maintained an involvement with teachers was Professor Jeanne Chall's Reading Laboratory where both inexperienced and experienced teachers could become reading specialists for the schools...