Word: chartered
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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People were getting bored and a little impatient with the San Francisco conference. The goal-security-was so plain and good that the difficulties in drafting a charter seemed remote, artificial, vexingly technical and hard to understand...
...agreed at Yalta, the Security Council could not act if one of the Big Powers said no. Russia insisted on retaining this veto because it feared that the majority of nations on the Council would be basically unfriendly. The U.S. also wanted the veto; few politicians believed that the charter could pass the Senate without it. Critics of the veto said that it would make U.N.C.I.O. helpless in all disputes involving great powers or their friends. Veto advocates contended it was better to bow to realities than to pretend that the great powers could be covered by the world organization...
...held together partly by external pressure. After World War II, the Axis nations would not serve this important purpose for the world at large; their control was reserved to the Big Powers alone. Last week a conference committee decided that the organization would not even have ex-members; the charter would not mention expulsion. Every real danger which the San Francisco charter makers dealt with came from inside the world organization...
...very word education is one of some ill repute in Congressional halls," observed one Congressional delegate to San Francisco. This was the reason that provision for an international office of education, originally agreed upon by the Big Four, was talked out of the United Nations charter. The Congressmen at the conference were afraid their colleagues back in Washington might consider it a cultural boondoggle, veto the whole charter because...
Last week both House and Senate put the timid delegates to shame. Unanimously they adopted resolutions urging U.S. participation in a permanent "international educational and cultural organization." Reassured, the U.S. delegation promptly took steps to restore the original provision to the charter. If it is shaped to the wishes of its House sponsor, South Dakota's Karl Mundt, the international organization will 1) help re-establish education in devastated countries, 2) advise on the re-education of the enemy, 3) promote exchange of students, teachers, materials, methods, 4) avoid propaganda and direct control of schools...