Word: chau
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...brain is nothing if not a biological machine - one that works like any other machine, at least when it comes to temperature. Parts that are working harder than others become hotter than others, thanks to the additional flow of blood shunted their way. Engineer Tom Chau of the University of Toronto suspected he could take advantage of that fact...
...Chau, the university's research chair in pediatric rehab engineering, has long been looking for ways to use residual physical cues like breathing patterns and heart rates to help locked-in children convey their needs. The brain was another natural avenue for communication, and Chau and Ph.D. student Sheena Luu figured out a way to test...
...brain area critical for processing preference. Infrared imaging is typically used to detect heat, which is just what the researchers were looking for. The volunteers were shown pictures of different pairs of drinks from their original list and asked to mentally decide which one they liked better while Chau and Luu monitored their frontal-lobe activity...
...Chau and Luu are not the first to experiment with a technique like this. In the terra incognita of cognitive research, brain-computer interfaces are increasingly common - but complicated. Typically, subjects have to be trained to use them and must rehearse a random, energy-intensive brain task like mentally singing a song in order to light up a pattern of brain activity that sends a signal to the researchers. The new technique extracts information much more directly by targeting the frontal lobe's preference functions. What's more, while other studies have required the subjects to activate their brains over...
...scans to determine the particular blood-flow signature of a person's brain, and then to calibrate the computer accordingly. That, however, is a relatively easy tweak, no more complicated than customizing voice-recognition software to individual users. "It's really just a matter of refining the algorithms," says Chau. "We envision this at the very least as a preference detector that allows people to direct their own care...