Word: chelm
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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Just before he flew back from Moscow to London (TIME, Aug. 14), Premier Mikolajczyk asked correspondents if they could tell him who one of the negotiators from Chelm was: a man named Boleslaw Berut. Mikolajczyk had never heard of Berut before. Last week the Lublin government announced that the practically unknown Communist was now President of Poland. His appointment disregarded the fact that Wladyslaw Raczkiewicz has been President in Exile of Poland since October 1939. It also raised the Polish problem to a new boiling point. Plainly Moscow had decided that it was time for the Lublin Poles...
...Sunday and the sun was hot. The Polish girls wore their best embroidered dresses to Mass and the men of Lublin chatted on street corners without a furtive, over-the-shoulder look. We drove out along the Chelm road about a mile from town. Dmitri Kudriavtsev, Secretary of the Soviet Atrocities Commission, said: "They called this 'the road of death.' " Kudriavtsev is a short man, with curly hair and a nice face. He has an even, soft way of talking. You could not guess that he has pored over more horrors in the past three years than any living...
Planning at Chelm. As the mission winged to Cairo and on to Teheran, where a Russian plane and a cordial invitation from the Kremlin awaited them, the new Polish Committee of Liberation, from its provisional seat at Chelm, busily shaped Poland's future. The Committee issued a history-making manifesto, which outlined not only the Polish, but presumably the Russian blueprint for Eastern Europe above the Carpathians...
...Chelm, meanwhile, the new Committee of Liberation proclaimed the Polish Government in Exile illegal, charged that it represented the "Fascist" constitution...
Moscow did not lose a minute. The same day that Russian armies swept into Chelm, first big Polish town to fall to them west of the Curzon Line, a new Polish Committee of National Liberation moved in. It was Moscow's Union of Polish Patriots under a new name-in effect, a new Russian-backed government of Poland...