Word: chemist
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Atoms of the same chemical element which have different weights are called isotopes. Isotopes are Chemist Urey's special ty. He won a Nobel Prize for discovering deuterium, the heavy isotope of hydrogen which makes "heavy water" (TIME, Nov. 26, 1934). Later, one of the Urey crews produced large quantities of heavy nitrogen (TIME, Sept. 20, 1937). Nitrogen is present in all proteins. Heavy nitrogen atoms can be distinguished from the common kind by mass spectrographic means, but in protein reactions they run along with their lighter fellows, and so serve as "tagged atoms" or chemical spies to show...
...from the molecules and formed new compounds at random-in quantities predictable by the laws of chance. For this reason, popularized versions of the Calingaert research referred to it as a chemical "dice game" or "poker game." Actually, since he deals with trillions of molecules in one operation, the chemist always knows what sort of hand he will draw...
...consider the industrial and military technologists who apply other people's knowledge as scientists at all. The application may be far removed from the original discovery. For example, phosgene, which was first used as a military weapon in World War I, was first made by British Chemist John Davy...
...resource-poor nations like Germany and Italy, a large part of war science is concerned with the invention and manufacture of Ersatz or substitute foods and synthetic materials. Germany's brilliant chemist, Friedrich Bergius, 54, who a quarter-century ago conceived the hydrogenation process for making gasoline from coal, is likely to be one of the most useful men in warring Germany, and one of the most hated by those who have to eat his Ersatz foods. From sawdust Bergius has extracted a digestible sugar, equal in food value to barley. Of the sawdust 60% to 65% becomes sugar...
...Palestine. And in Britain's mind, the fate of Jews there dwindled to insignificance beside the fate of the Suez Canal, for which Palestine is a northern rampart, and of the oil pipeline from Iraq which reaches tidewater at Haifa. Realizing this, Zionist President Chaim Weizmann, a brilliant chemist who contributed synthetic acetone to World War I, announced: "In spite of the White Paper [establishing an Arab-dominated State in Palestine] the Jews support British Democracy in the present darkest hours...