Word: chemists
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...climate modelers trying to simulate ozone loss in the atmosphere had not yet factored in the presence of ice clouds in the Antarctic stratosphere. Thus their models failed to predict the existence of the ozone hole. After the hole was finally stumbled upon two years ago, Susan Solomon, a chemist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in Boulder, and Rolando Garcia, of the National Center for Atmospheric Research, plugged more numbers into NCAR's computer model to account for the Antarctic ice clouds. Bang! The hole appeared...
...Arenas project confirmed the bad news. Not only was the ozone hole more severely depleted than ever before -- fully 50% of the gas had disappeared during the polar thaw, compared with the previous high of 40%, in 1985 -- but the CFC connection was more evident. Notes Sherwood Rowland, a chemist at the University of California at Irvine: "The measurements are cleaner this time, more detailed. They're seeing the chemical chain more clearly...
Anton Hopfinger, a chemist at the Chicago campus of the University of Illinois, is using computer graphics to identify the site where adriamycin, a chemotherapy drug, binds to cancer cells. "Molecular graphics has been a real boon to the study of large molecules and proteins," he says. "You can think of it as the equivalent of landing an airplane on an aircraft carrier, except in this case you're sitting on the drug molecule and landing on the DNA molecule. If you didn't have graphics, it would be like being blind and still trying to land on the aircraft...
...working since right after Christmas," says Physicist J.T. Chen of Wayne State University in Detroit. "We do experiments almost every day. Sometimes we sleep only three or four hours. Maybe it was like this when the transistor was invented, but in my personal experience this is unique." Says Japanese Chemist Kohji Kishio: "The race is for the Nobel Prize...
Another report in last week's Nature, while not dealing with 1987A, provided further insight into Type II supernovas. A group led by Chemist Edward Anders and Physicist Roy Lewis, both of the University of Chicago, revealed that they had discovered an abundance of submicroscopic diamonds in a meteorite that fell in Mexico in 1969. While the impact of a meteor slamming into the earth creates enough pressure to crystallize carbon into diamonds, the tiny samples found by the Chicago team apparently resulted from an ancient supernova. The evidence: they contained atomic forms of the gas xenon different from...