Word: chenge
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...Szechuan-born peasants, Liu Po-cheng early became a soldier, fighting the warlords' battles. In one early encounter, he lost an eye and gained his nickname. During the brief marriage of the Kuomintang and the Communists, he fought for Chiang Kaishek. After Chiang split with the Communists, Liu went to the Moscow Military Academy. On the Communists' famous retreat into Shensi (1934-35), Liu negotiated with savage Lolo chieftains to give the Communists safe passage through their forests. To seal their agreement, Liu and the Lolos' high chieftain drank newly killed chicken's blood. They swore...
...holds Chinese society together; but it is also used as an excuse for graft and nepotism. Hsiao imposes on a man responsibilities the West does not know; but it also tends to modify the sense of personal guilt which is the basis of Western morality. Its companion symbol is cheng-correctness -which emphasizes ceremony and the outward forms of behavior...
Chen's close relation to Chiang Kai-shek-the deep source of Chen's influence -is saturated in hsiao and cheng. With the Generalissimo, Chen is respectful to the point of reverence. He counsels, but only as a good son might make suggestions to his honored father...
...practical subjects (a country at war needs engineers), he cut down on history, economics and politics. His advice to students: study-quietly and make no trouble. Extracurricular activities disappeared, except for Chiang's San Min Chu I Youth Group, a movement for training the young in hsiao and cheng, and in such un-Chinese pastimes as swimming. The Education Ministry started a bureau to "guide the thoughts and control the actions" of students, abroad as well as at home. When criticized for using "thought police," Chen made a distinctly totalitarian reply: "Any Chinese who violates the Three People...
...homey sitting room, bright with embroidered cushions, painted lacquer ware and bucolic scrolls, Chen seems more like a retired and fastidious professor than the politician he is. At dinner, in accordance with the ceremonial niceties of cheng, he likes to discourse on the threefold appeal of Chinese cuisine-color, for the eye; smell, for the nostrils; taste, for the tongue. He is getting plump, is 20 pounds heavier than when he battled Communists. He is a family man. Recently, while his hospitable, bespectacled wife and four sprouting children looked on, Chen displayed a bit of simple Western technology...